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  • “那是關於愛”…崔成希來自監獄的話

    今日(2011年7月28日)是崔成希在獄中度過的第71天。以下是一篇由美國大學助理教授David Vine造訪濟州監獄訪談崔成希的原始稿。

    —

    5774377047_6665395e26_o
    崔成希遭逮捕拘留於警局

    崔成希獄中訪談稿 by David Vine

    崔成希(Sung-Hee Choi): 一位活動家的話,來自監獄。

    2011年7月22日

     

    美國和韓國在亞太地區的軍事演習是針對中國和北韓。有很明顯的證據顯示,美國將使用濟州島海軍基地,儘管美國官方每次都予以否認:「這不是美國海軍基地,這是南韓軍事基地」。這實在是一個騙局。他們真的是在欺騙民眾。美軍無疑地可以使用此基地。「這是南韓的軍事基地」此項聲明並非事實。

     

    根據1954年,美國和南韓國防部所簽署的條約。其二,《美軍地位協定》(SOFA)實際上是為了美軍而簽訂的。第三,美軍的「策略彈性」政策。美軍很明顯地將可以使用任何南韓的軍事基地。

     

    此聯盟的第二點…這不是只攸關軍事,同時也牽涉到資本主義。例如,三星和大林將受惠於此基地的建設。這不只有軍事成分,同時也有商業成分在。

     

    我現在所害怕的是關於法西斯主義將侵入整座島嶼。 [訪談人:法西斯主義? ]是的,法西斯主義。是的,在韓半島…以及現在濟州島也正被三星所主導。

     

    這對於濟州島和濟州島的人民而言是齣悲劇,因為他們在1948年已經經歷過[約四萬人罹難的大屠殺]。[他們有掙扎的歷史]反抗外來的權利…反抗[牽涉大屠殺的]美軍武器,在韓國自日本獨立後[沒幾年的時間]。

     

    濟州島的歷史基本上是反抗外來政權(美國和日本)掙扎的歷史,濟州島淪為外來政權犧牲者的身分始終不變。

     

    為何我們仍在掙扎?不只是為了環境,不只為了[?],但也是為了始終掙扎著反抗強權國家的濟州島和韓國的歷史(以地理的觀點來說)。

     

    我在想的另一件事情是,日復一日,濟州島將成為美軍的紅色按鍵。美軍已經佔領了所有他覬覦的地區。美軍已經佔領了夏威夷、沖繩、菲律賓。現在,他們想佔領濟州島。這是一座和平之島。這是為了和平。現在在這裡的和平活動家的展望是保持這座島嶼做為一座真正的和平之島。Brother Song和前濟州島知事Shin Goo-beom試圖和村民一同尋找為了後代子孫發展江汀洞的替代方式。其中一個方式是建立聯合國和平學校。他們都在談論這一點。我們必須視此為我們的視野,我們必須將此轉為最終的結果。為我們濟州島的後代建立一個真正的和平學校是一個具體的視野。我真的很希望你能談談村民們所受的苦、他們如何熱愛他們的家鄉。我真的希望也真的相信你將和許多人們分享…。謝謝你的來訪,還有…。

     

    David Vine(DV):我感到很幸運來到這裡,同是我也向你和向許多其他人學習…

    崔成希: 我們向你學習到很多。我從未聽說或者讀過關於美軍基地的書,所以我真的希望你可以和亞太地區島嶼的人們溝通。

    現在這些島嶼已經成為美帝國基地的目標。所以為何島嶼們現在淪為美國的犧牲品?

     

    DV: 在幾個禮拜內我將拜訪沖繩,我認為這將成為我第一個機會,我會試著談談彼此間的連結。我將分享關於濟州島、沖繩和其他幾個島嶼的情況。但是,我有一個疑問…你為何認為有很多其他人會如此投入這場掙扎?像你一樣。不惜進入監獄,不惜絕食抗議。有很多反軍事基地的運動存在,人們似乎充滿熱情的投入此運動,但是我在想,你認為到底是為什麼-不論是為了你自己或者為了他人-人們如此地投入奉獻,並堅持反抗?

     

    崔成希: [如我所寫] 我應該為無法發聲的生物發聲,第二為了我們即將成為戰爭犧牲品的後代子孫。我認為村民們熱愛他們的故鄉,那是他們的家鄉…他們如此愛惜它。

    那是關於愛。那是關於無發被說出的愛。那是關於無法發聲的海。那是關於無法大聲說話的生物。那就是我們在說的,我們基本上在說著的…

     

    在此刻,一個機械性的背景音樂突兀地切斷Sung-Hee 的談話,通知著我們會面時間已經結束並指導拜會者盡速離去。Sung-Hee 抓了隻筆和一張紙,迅速地寫了最後的話。在警察將他帶離以前,他握著那張紙,貼著衡在我們之間的玻璃上。

     

    那紙上寫著:「那是關於對那些現在無法說話的人們的愛,那是關於愛。」

     

    此訪談稿經編輯後收錄於Foreign Policy In Focus,以下是文章連結:

    Jeju Island Activist Sung-Hee Choi Interviewed in Prison

    July 28, 2011

  • 抗議濟州島蓋軍港 和平運動家Song, KangHo博士遭暴力毆打

    2011年6月21日下午約四時左右,長期在濟州島江汀洞抗議軍港建設的和平運動人士Song, Kang Ho博士(國際組織The Frontiers工作人員),試圖登上海軍工程用駁船時,遭到包商三星建設公司員工及韓國海軍、包括韓國海軍少校Bang Young Gi用竹棒圍毆。據稱,Song, Kang Ho博士遭踢打、竹棒擊打甚至還被推落船隻,跌落到下方的另一船隻中。

    326199847
    Song, Kang Ho博士遭工程人員及軍方毆打致傷

    在警察到達現場之前,Song, Kang Ho已因此暴力攻擊,而失去意識,經緊急送醫治療後已恢復意識。江汀洞居民以及其他抗議團體群情激憤,昨日群體聚集於海軍基地辦公室前,舉行大規模示威遊行。Song, Kang Ho雖無法即刻返回現場,但他對所有關心的朋友表示感謝,並期望大家絕不要放棄抵抗。

    即便有人受傷,即便曾有人絕食抗議,即便有人仍在監獄中,當江汀洞村民要求韓國海軍移除工程用駁船時,三星建設員工卻回應:「這有什麼大不了?」。海軍上校Lee Eun Kuk則回應說:「他們是不會移除工程用駁船的。」

    韓國海軍基地陸上工程在大批抗議人潮阻止下多面受阻,韓國海軍在幾個星期前就已經開始進行海面上的工程,並開始填平海床。留守當地的和平抗議人士也因此開始進行海上抗議活動,保括下水阻止海上工程調查人員在完全未告知民眾,就開始進行工程調查作業,被當地民眾痛罵不民主的調查工作。據稱,當地部分出借潛水海上設備的店家,由於怕遭到霸凌,而猶豫或者不願出借潛水設備給抗議民眾。

    另外,於本報稍早報導中,在4月6日被警方以相當暴力的手法逮捕的Yang Yoon Mo,日前已經釋放,並於絕食抗議整整72日後,恢復少量飲食,目前身體仍過份虛弱。另一位在5月19日被捕的崔成希(Choi Sung Hee),仍在獄中,崔成希被捕當時,不過是手持抗議旗幟,旗上寫著「即使是一顆石頭,即使只是一朵花,也不要碰!」。目前崔成希在獄中也暫時中斷絕食抗議。昨日,有一群韓國律師在濟州島聚會,商討備受爭議崔成希的被捕案例。

    June 21, 2011

  • Yang Yoon Mo、Choi Sung Hee為抗議不法軍港,獄中絕食

    5774915204_3b096c2360_o
    Yang Yoon Mo以身體阻擋建設工程用的卡車通過而被捕,並在獄中絕食抗議

    Yang Yoon Mo ,反濟州島海軍軍港建設的社會運動者之一,也是一位韓國電影影評人和教授,同時他本身也出身於濟州島,因為以身體阻擋建設機器,讓自己躺在工程卡車下方,在4月6日被警方以相當暴力的手法逮捕,甚至還遭到毆打。

    Yang Yoon Mo在紀錄片Island of Stone影片中提出他反對海軍軍港建設的三個觀點,其一他不滿南韓政府單向式的決策過程,他說南韓政府至少應該要在下決策前給江丁洞居民充分的解釋或是舉辦公聽會,足見過程缺乏與居民的溝通,接著政府就暴力地採取執行行動。因此他認為反對這個非民主、非正義的海軍基地,才是捍衛人民基本的權利。

     

    其二,他呼籲民眾不應被錢、資本和國防給殖民、控制,而投降於權力,活得像奴隸。他說:不要忽略更多元的世界、不要放棄活得更豐盛的人生的機會。

    最後,他說:自然很美,他像孩子似的抱著岸邊的石頭說:「當我這樣擁抱它時,像是一種人和自然間的親子關係」,他告訴我們這是難得的銀白色的玄武岩,說他有多愛這些石頭的美,但海軍就要打著國防的旗號來破壞這個石頭,他痛心地喊:「痛死了,我的心痛死了,當這個石頭被破壞,若石頭壞了,我心也碎了」。

    影片後還有警察暴力地將他從抗議現場帶離的畫面。從他被警方逮捕開始,他便展開絕食抗議行動,至今(2011年5月30日)已邁入54天,目前生命垂危,甚至已寫下遺書,表明他會絕食抗議直到海軍軍港停止建設,或者直到他死。

    5774356733_ec08bcbdc2_o
    崔成希拉著抗議布條,布條上寫著:不要碰這裡的一顆石頭,一朵花!

    Choi Sung Hee是另一位主要反濟州島海軍軍港建設的社會運動者之一,她也在5月19日被捕,並且也開始絕食抗議。當她被捕時,她只不過是拿著抗議牌站立抗議。其他的抗議者怒稱這根本是非法逮捕。

    5774377047_6665395e26_o
    崔成希遭監禁之照片,目前於獄中進行絕食抗議
    174981_234238069948039_100000855441277_610770_4003230_o
    崔成希於獄中所作的畫,期許濟州島成為和平之島

     

    目前其他國際的社運人士已透過網路連結,發起串連,希望各國民眾勇於致電當地韓國代表處,表達濟州島江汀洞居民的訴求:韓國政府用非正義的手段取得土地,不尊重撤離歷史性財產的既定時程,並毀壞無可替代的生態環境,江汀洞的人民要求立即停止濟州島海軍基地的建設。

    May 30, 2011

  • 軍港施工 濟州島唱起悲歌

    儘管欠缺民主的過程、公眾的支持,以及生態破壞的巨大代價,韓國和美國政府持續在濟州島的江汀洞進行共同海軍基地的建設。

    濟州島位在韓國西南外海,2002年由聯合國教科文組織(UNESCO)列為生物圈保留區,2007年為聯合國教科文組織列入「世界自然遺產名錄」而受到保護,也是韓國文化遺產局的國定保護區。

    海軍軍港建設現場
    海軍軍港建設現場

    而韓美共同海軍基地計畫建設地點則落在南部的海岸中心:西歸浦市江汀洞,長久以來,濟州島民眾認為此地是島上最美的部分之一。

    在江汀洞外海,包含幾個美麗的小島(虎島、 蚊島…),在毗連江丁洞的Joongduk海岸線與這些島的水域周圍之間,是許多稀有動物的家,包括軟紅珊瑚的群落。

    這裡也是許多海豚自阿拉斯加到太平洋間遷徙時的季節性棲所,此海域孕育有各種稀有的海洋藻類(韓國70%的海洋物種生長在此海域)。此外,江汀洞海岸還是政府列為第二級瀕臨絕種物種的中型相手蟹(Sesarma intermedium)的棲地。

    也難怪在2006年,韓國環境部會將江汀洞一帶列為國家保護地區,並將江汀洞選為「優良生態村」。

    2002年,首爾宣稱在濟州島建立軍港的計畫。在兩個村莊相繼抗爭後, 2007年,政府的算盤轉而打到了江汀洞。雖然當時江汀洞的居民也多投票反對(94%投反對票),但在投票後,據許多居民表示,政府給予當地的農夫和漁民相當大的壓力,在此壓迫下,有些居民,包括一些較年長的海女,賣了他們的農地。

    Song, KangHo博士以及崔成希於工程現場靜坐
    Song, KangHo博士以及崔成希於工程現場靜
    和平運動人士Song, KangHo博士在海軍基地工程現場阻止軍港建設
    和平運動人士Song, KangHo博士在海軍基地工程現場阻止軍港建設

    這個務農、靠海以及觀光維生的村莊,在失去土地、美麗海岸和生態接踵受破壞後,居民手上還 剩下什麼?

    許多當時賣了土地的人現在也表示,當時他們並不真的了解他們實際上是在做些甚麼事,現在相當後悔此決定。其他人則持續對抗賣土地或搬遷的壓力,並採取所有可能的手段阻止海軍軍港建設。

    在2009年,南韓政府終於還是批准美韓海軍軍港於濟州島江汀洞的建設;同時,濟州道的議會也突然投票否決江汀洞為國家保護地的一部份之地位。居民抗爭的情勢大逆轉,居民由原本受國家法律保護的一方,突然失去一層既定的保護網,可見得政府竭力為此軍港建設案護航,不惜出賣再怎麼樣都不應被劃作海軍軍港建設地的自然保育地區。

    和平運動人士在場阻止軍港建設
    和平運動人士在場阻止軍港建設

    此外,濟州島海軍軍港建設時間表中,原定2010年11月直到2011年6月間是為緩衝時期,給予此區所有具歷史性、文化性意義的資產撤遷時間。但最後,在2011年2月,政府在違反多數江汀洞居民的意願下,無視此區的生態價值,甚至還在原訂歷史文化財產撤遷時程表之前,提前開始海軍基地的建設工程。

    三星建設和大林產業與韓國海軍合作,已經開始挖掘海岸線、摧毀海岸線的礁石並且在岸邊傾倒水泥。南韓政府努力為海軍軍艦建造停泊處,卻不顧此舉將摧毀江汀洞居民的居所以及生活文化。現在,曾經的「優良生態村」以及其附近海域,將逐步毀掉。

    三星建設(Samsung Engineering & Construction)是世界級知名企業三星物產(Samsung C&T)旗下公司,大林建設(Daelim Engineering & Construction)則是大林產業(Daelim Industrial)旗下公司。諷刺的是,兩個企業在網站均自稱為「綠色企業」、「道德企業」,卻進行著各界抨擊為不道德、不民主並嚴重破壞環境的工程。

    過去江汀洞的居民用盡所有民主手法,也嘗試採取了多次法律行動,希冀政府停止不公義的行為,但最終還是失敗。現在他們透過與許多韓國民間團體的合作,以直接的行動來試圖停止海軍基地建設。

    May 30, 2011

  • Samsung workers, Samsung, and the Jeju naval base

    * Image source: Ku Do-Hee, Voice of People, Feb. 4, 2011 민중의 소리 구도희 기자, 2011년 2월 4일(클릭)
    ‘portrait of Kim Joo-Hyun, the deceased Samsung worker in mortuary
    ‘빈소에 있는 고 김주현 노동자의 초상’


    * Image source: Samsung General Labor Union, Jan. 26, 2011 삼성 일반 노조 웹사이트, 2011년 1월 26일(클릭)

    ‘ Workers and activists have been doing relay one-man protest in front of the Samsung factories in Suwon and Cheonan, every Wednesday, to demand the withdrawal of unjust lay-off of a worker who claimed for company’s acknowledgement on labor union.’

    ________________________________________
    Despite New Year holidays (Feb. 2 to 6) in lunar calendar in Korea, there are people who cannot enjoy them. The bereaved family members of the deceased Mr. Kim Joo-Hyun, a worker in the Samsung Electronics LCD, City of Cheonan are part of those.

    Even though, it was Jan. 11 when Mr. Kim Joo Hyun made suicide by jumping from the rooftop of the factory dormitory, his family members are still keeping mortuary where his portrait is still being placed on, demanding acknowledgement and apology from Samsung for the cause of Kim’s death. The investigations on the cause of his death, such as excessive working time and on company’s negligence on his suicide have been still going on as well, the Voice of People reports.

    The Stop Samsung blog has reported on Jan. 14:

    ‘He suffered from skin disease due to chemicals and depression because of severe job stress. This shocking news is even more disturbing since it follows a rash of similar suicides by young workers at the Foxconn factory in China and inspires us to increase our determination to bring justice for the Samsung workers and families. He is the second suicide at Samsung this month! See the article by Elizabeth Grossman HERE for more background and details. In memory of Kim Joo hyun, we ask that you join the Samsung Accountability Campaign on the Causes page HERE.’

    For Samsung workers’ occupational deaths and protests, see HERE and HERE as well.

    Samsung is not only infamous for its no-labor union policy but also for its omnipotent abuse of power throughout South Korea. The Republic of Korea is called as the Samsung Republic in satire.

    Samsung is also involving in Korea Aerospace industries along with Hyundae (The current president Lee Myung-Bak is originally from Hyundae) and Daewoo etc., producing and exporting many weapon systems, for example its branch, Samsung Tales, the South Korea’s leading maker and exporter of naval combat systems.

    It has been alarming when the Jeju media (Jeju Sori1, Jeju Sori 2, Media Jeju) reported that the Jeju Island government had made contract for partnership with Samsung C & T to achieve export of 1trillion won on Jan. 21, 2011.

    It reported that the Jeju Island and Samsung made contact to collaborate on scouting for bright export goods, supporting for foreign marketing and inheriting on export know-how for the Jeju Island government officers.

    The Samsung C & T is told to be the matrix of Samsung with its total sale price exceeding 10 trillion 876 billion won last year, which is near four times of the Jeju Island budget this year. It was also told that all the information and resources acquired during the process of execution on the agreement conclusion would be ‘absolute secrete.’

    Further, the Samsung C & T has made contract with the navy for the naval base construction along with Daerim who is involving the construction on space museum through its consortium. The Samsung C & T is also being involved in KEPCO (Korea Electric Power Corporation) consortium along with the KEPCO, Hyundae and Doosan Heavy Industry, which has made contract with the United Arab Emirates on nuclear power plant in Dec. , 2009.

    Jan. 21 was the next day when the Jeju media reported the contradictory decision by the members of the special committee on the settlement of the conflict on naval base, Island Council, who were told to have decided to urge the prime minister for earlier legislation on the revised bill on the Jeju special law which included the support basis on the Jeju naval base, while 40% of the members had voiced on the unjust process on the annulment of the absolute preservation areas in the Gangjeong village.

    The Samsung, supporting the drive by the central and Jeju Island government, Jeju Island Council for Jeju being one of the seven wonders of nature, is grasping the Jeju Island, as it has wielded power throughout South Korea. Please watch Samsung. Please boycott Samsung product in your countries and if you can, protest on its oppression of workers and involvement in the Jeju naval base construction.

     

    …………………………………………………………

    Original post

    http://nobasestorieskorea.blogspot.kr/2011/02/jeju-update-samsung-workers-samsung-and.html

    February 6, 2011

  • Memorandum of Understanding Related to the Construction of the Civilian-Military Complex Port for Tour Beauty

    * The below is the arbitrary translation of the ROK government Memorandum of Understanding(MOU) regarding the Jeju naval base project on April 27, 2009. The original Korean can be seen HERE. (Translated on June 24, 2010)
    ________________________________________________________

    Jeju Press, April 27, 2009

    해군 기지 기 본 협 약 서(MOU)내용
    Contents of the Memorandum of Understanding (MOU)
    on [the Jeju] Naval base

     

    민․군복합형 관광미항 건설과 관련한
    기 본 협 약 서Memorandum of Understanding
    Related to the Construction of the Civilian-Military Complex Tour
    Beauty Harbor

    정부와 제주특별자치도는 민․군복합형 관광미항 건설과 지역발전사업을 추진함에 있어 신뢰와 협력을 바탕으로 아래의 사항을 성실히 이행할 것을 협약한다.

    In driving forward the construction of the civilian-military complex tour beauty harbor, the [ROK] government and the Jeju Special Self-Governing Island agree with each other to faithfully carry out the below items based on trust and cooperation.

    아 래

    The below

     

    제1조(목적) 본 기본협약은 제주특별자치도(이하 ‘제주자치도’라 한다)에 추진중인 제주해군기지를 최대 15만톤 규모의 크루즈 선박 2척이 동시에 접안할 수 있는 민ㆍ군복합형 관광미항(이하 ‘민ㆍ군 복합항’이라 한다)으로 건설하고, 이와 관련된 지역발전사업을 추진함에 있어 국방부장관, 국토해양부장관 그리고 제주특별자치도지사간에 상호 이행해 나갈 사항들을 협약하여 정하는 것을 목적으로 한다.

    Article 1(Purpose) This MOU is purposed to construct the Jeju naval base being driven in the Jeju Special Self-Governing Island (called ‘the Jeju Self-Governing Island’ from the following) as the civilian-military complex tour beauty harbor’ (called the ‘civilian-military complex harbor’ from the following) in which the two cruise ships of which each of them would be the 150,000 ton at biggest, can come alongside the pier at the same time; and to define the items to be carried out with the mutual agreement by the Minister of National Defense, Minister of the Land, Transportation and Maritime affairs and the Governor of the Jeju Special Self-Governing Island, in driving the regional development business related to the [Jeju naval base].

    제2조(지역발전사업 지원) 정부는 민․군복합항 건설사업이 제주자치도의 지역발전에 기여할 수 있도록 「민․군복합항 지역종합발전계획 수립 용역」 결과 및 제주자치도의 의견을 바탕으로 제안된 지역발전사업이 효과적으로 추진될 수 있도록 적극 지원한다.

    Article 2 (Support for the regional development business) The government positively support the regional development business suggested based on the result of the ‘service for the establishment of the synthesized development plan on the civilian-military complex region’ and on the opinion of the Jeju Self-Governing Island so that the civilian-military construction business can contribute to the regional development of the Jeju Self-Governing Island.

    제3조(지원협의체 구성ㆍ운영) ① 국무총리실은 민․군복합항 건설사업과 부대사업 및 제2조의 지역발전사업을 원활히 추진하기 위하여 국방부, 국토해양부 등 관계부처와 제주자치도가 참여하는「민․군복합항 건설지원협의회(이하 ‘협의회’라 한다)」를 구성하여 운영한다. ② 제1항의 협의회를 지원하기 위하여 국무총리실에서 주재하고 관계자가 참여하는 「실무지원협의회」를 둔다.

    Article 3 (Composition & Operation of the Support body) (1) The Office of the Prime Minister composes and operates the ‘consultation committee for the support on the construction of the civilian-military complex harbor’ (‘consultation committee’ from the following) joined by the related Ministries such as the Ministry of national Defense and Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs, so that [the committee] can smoothly drive the construction business of the civilian-military complex harbor, its attached businesses and the regional development business [mentioned] in the article 2. (2) The ‘consultation committee for the practical support,’ superintended by the Office of the Prime Minister and joined by the related personnel will be formed to support the consulation committee in the article 1.

    제4조(크루즈항 시설) 국방부장관과 국토해양부장관은 민․군복합항 건설을 추진함에 있어 15만톤 규모의 크루즈 선박 2척이 동시에 접안할 수 있는 항만시설과 부대시설을 함께 설치할 수 있도록 지원함으로써 지역경제 활성화에 기여하도록 노력한다.

    Article 4. (Cruise Harbor facility) In driving for the construction of the civilian-military complex harbor, the Ministers of the National Defense and Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs make an effort to contribute to revitalize the regional economy by supporting to install both of the harbor & bay facility and the attached facilities so that the two cruise ships of which the each is 150,000 ton size can come alongside the pier at the same time.

    제5조 (알뜨르 비행장 부지의 사용 등) ① 국방부장 관은 국방부 소관의 서귀포시 대정읍 소재 속칭 알뜨르 비행장 부지를 제주자치도 지역발전을 위하여 법적절차에 따라 제주자치도와의 협의를 거쳐 제주자치도가 사용할 수 있도록 한다. ② 국방부장 관은 공군 남부탐색구조부대에 전투기 배치계획이 없음을 확인한다.

    Article 5 (Use of the Alddreu Airfield etc.) (1) Through consultation with the Jeju Self-Governing Island, the Minister of National Defense (MND) allows it to use the area popularly known as the Alddreu airfield which is located in the Daejung-eup, City of Seogwipo , and belongs to the jurisdiction of the MND, which is for the purpose of regional development and via legal procedures.

     (2) The Minister of MND confirms that he has no plan to deploy fighter airplanes in the Namboo (* meaning ‘southern’) Search & Rescue troops of the air force

    제6조(보상) 국방부장관은 민․군복합항 건설에 따른 토지매입, 지장물 및 어업권 보상 등 손실보상을 추진함에 있어 관계법령에 따라 현실성 있는 평가를 실시하고 정당한 보상을 하여야 한다.

    Article 6 (Compensation) In driving for the loss compensation such as in the purchase of land and in the ground facilities & fishing industry right, following the construction of the civilian-military complex beauty harbor, the Ministry of National Defense should execute the realistic evaluation and righteous compensation, according to the related laws and ordinances.

    제7조(지역건설업체 참여) 국방부장관 은 민․군복합항 건설 및 부대사업을 추진함에 있어 제주 지역건설업체가 최대한 참여할 수 있도록 한다.

    Article 7(Participation by the local construction companies) The Minister of National Defense let the Local construction companies in the Jeju region join at most in driving for the construction of the civilian-military complex harbor and its affiliated business.

    제8조(권리행사의 제한 배제) 국방부장 관은 민․군복합항을 건설함에 있어 군사기지 및 군사시설보호법 제4조에도 불구하고 육상의 민․군복합항 울타리 경계와 해상의 군항방파제 밖의 지역에 대하여 군사기지 및 군사시설보호구역으로 지정하지 아니하며, 통행․고도․영농․어로․건축 등 주민의 생존권과 재산권 행사를 제약하는 행위를 하지 아니한다.

    Article 8 ( Limitation/ exclusion in the exercise of rights) In constructing the civilian-military complex harbor, the Minister of National Defense, despite the article 4 in the law on the protection of  military base and facility, shall not designate the outside areas of the fence border in the civilian-military complex harbor on the ground and of the seawall in the military harbor on the sea, as the restriction areas for the military base and military facilities; and shall not do the conducts that condition the exercises of the villagers’ survival rights such as passage, altitude, farming, fishing & architecture and their property rights.

    제9조(편의시설의 사용․운영 및 주민 우선고용 등) ① 국방부장관은 민․군복합항 건설과 관련하여 설치예정인 각종 복합 휴양시설 및 편의시설을 지역주민이 함께 사용할 수 있도록 한다.
    ② 국방부장관은 제1항의 휴양시설 및 편의시설에 직원을 고용하는 경우 지역주민을 우선적으로 고려하고, 편의시설의 운영을 민간에 위탁할시 지역주민에게 운영권을 우선적으로 부여한다.

    Article 9 (Use & management of the convenient facilities and employment of the villagers in priority) (1) The Minister of National Defense makes the various kinds of the installation-planned complex resort facilities and convenient facilities, related to the construction of the civilian-military complex harbor, can be used by the villagers, also. (2) In case of the employment of the workers in resort and convenience facility, as mentioned in the clause 1, the Ministry of National Defense considers priority to the local residents; and in case of commission to the civilian for the management of the convenience facility, the minister gives priority to the local residents regarding the management right of them

    제10조 (협약서 내용 변경 및 세부협약의 체결) ① 본 기본협약에 명시된 사항은 협약 당사자간의 합의에 의하지 아니하고는 어느 일방이 임의로 변경할 수 없다. ② 본 기본협약에 명시된 사항은 사업의 원활한 추진을 위하여 사안별로 협약 당사자간의 세부협약을 체결한다.

    Article 10 (Amendment on the content of the MOU and conclusion of the detailed MOU) (1)The items that was elucidated in this MOU cannot be freely amended by any side except for by all persons’ mutual agreement. (2) For the items stated in this MOU, the persons of the agreement conclude the detailed agreement for the smooth driving forward the business.

    본 기본협약서는 원본 3부를 작성하여 당사자가 날인하고 각 1부씩 보관한다. 끝.

    This MOU is written in the 3 copies of original, with each person’s seal, and each person keeps 1 copy of them.

    2009년 4월 27일
    April 27, 2009

    국방부장관 이 상 희
    Lee Sang-Hee,
    Minister of National Defense

    국토해양부장관 정 종 환
    Chung Jong-Hwan
    , Minister of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs

    제주특별자치도지사 김태 환
    Kim Tae-Hwan, Jeju Special Self-Governing Island Governor

    June 24, 2010

  • 反濟州軍港抗爭告急 江汀村村長姜東均遭拘留

    在韓國號稱「世界和平之島」的著名觀光勝地濟州島卻於前日(2010年1月18日)爆發警民衝突,衝突導火線起於飽涵國家機器雄心壯志的海軍軍港建設計畫。

    韓政府對此海軍基地建設之倡議始於2007年,反對運動也就訖而不捨地至彼時延燒至此刻。自去(2009)年11月韓政府做出「建設軍港」最終決議後,當地情況告急,反對居民當時即明言必將相抗到底。

    該基地計劃提供美國和韓國的宙斯盾驅逐艦配備的導彈防禦系統使用。示威人士表示,導彈將用於環繞中國沿海地區,這將使濟州島這過去平靜島嶼,在衝突爆發時成為攻擊目標。

    當人人尚自歡慶著2010年的到來時,濟州島抗議民眾已在軍港建設預定地上,循著海岸礁岩,無懼於寒冬,搭起帳棚,懷著長期抗戰的決心。18日警察於軍港建設動工儀式中驅散示威者 據稱手段頗為激烈,抗議民眾共47人遭逮捕,雖然時至今日被捕的46名抗議民眾均已陸續獲釋,然軍港建設座落地江汀洞村長姜東均(Kang Dong-Kyun)仍遭扣留。

    不願具名的目擊者指稱,「據了解,警方今天對多是老年的抗議民眾採取嚴厲手段。村民躺在地上,哭喊著不如殺死他們。警方推擠老人家,甚至不介意在肢體衝突時發生女性內衣被扯落的狀況。」

    江汀村村長姜東均長期為反軍港建設議題奔波不遺餘力。致力於反對美國軍事基地擴張的加拿大籍社會運動者Bruce Gagnon表示,警方扣留村長姜東均極可能是為防止他再度於示威群眾中發揮領導功能。

    居民自1月6號起使用人陣、車陣圍堵工程用起重機進入工程預定地的屏障在一波波逮捕浪中仍是失守,而今取而代之的鋼絲柵欄,防的卻反是當地居民了。基礎建設過程序幕已揭,眼前此刻實是分秒皆關鍵。

    反對人士指出,水泥一旦填下,奇美的礁岩就此沒了,更遑論礁下千萬的海底生物。要知道水泥一旦填下,村民希冀的明日就扭曲了,縱使將來有人還願聽你話從前,也僅有遙想的份了。能看的還有什麼?配備有飛彈防禦系統的驅逐艦,真能戰無不克攻無不勝嗎?即便所向匹靡,又保證了多少和平?

    即便政府還承諾,此建設不僅是建一個保家衛國的現代海軍,還將開放作商用碼頭。即便政府還應許,應許的不只是富裕,還懂得講環保,在天然礁岸被水泥填覆後,承諾這將會成為一處對環境友善的觀光熱點。韓國當局圖謀以此化解環保與發展相對的難題竟然迎刃而解,卻也顯得滑稽。

    此地抗議村民泰半已是白髮蒼蒼的年歲,活了大半輩子,心理兀自雪亮,明白有些事物是一去不回頭。

    濟州道是韓國唯一的特別自治省,也是全韓國最大的島嶼。 計劃興建的基地區域靠近江汀洞河,該地區水質為濟州島最優良的地區,但水資源匱乏。在2007年該地區列名世界遺產名錄時,教科文組織在名錄中寫道:「濟州火山島和熔岩洞窟共同構成18,846公頃的三個特色部分。拒文岳熔岩洞群(Geomunoreum),被視為全世界最精緻的熔岩管系統,它帶有五彩斑爛的碳酸鹽屋頂和地板,及深色熔岩牆。堡壘般的城山日出(Seongsan Ilchulbong)凝灰岩錐,從海中聳立,形成戲劇性的景觀。韓國最高的漢拿山,有著瀑布、多形岩層及隕石坑湖泊。」

    January 20, 2010

  • 濟州島12月蓋軍港 韓國首個世界自然遺產受威脅

    濟州島是韓國著名的觀光勝地,每年吸引大量國內外旅客湧入,此地的離島地理位置也在韓國文化中顯得獨樹一格。此外,濟州島由火山岩構成,景緻壯麗優美,其中漢拿山天然保護區域、城山日出峰和熔岩洞窟群(萬丈窟等),已於2007年由聯合國教科文組織(UNESCO)列入「世界自然遺產名錄」。

    韓國雖已有多項文化遺產列入「世界文化遺產」名錄,但自然遺產卻是首度雀屏中選,顯見濟州島自然風景的得天獨厚。 自2007年起,韓國政府開始倡議在此亦有「世界和平之島」之稱的濟州島南部的江汀村上建設海軍軍港,但遭到當地居民強烈反對,而反對運動自2007年延續至今。今年11月16日上午,韓國政府仍做出建設的最終決議,此工程將於12月按原計畫動工。

    自然及人文環境受衝擊

    濟州島軍港建設之地落於江汀洞, 這裡和濟州島上多數的村莊一樣,以種植橘樹聞名,當地的經濟主要以此為主要收益。因此,對多數的江汀洞居民而言,此建設非但無法為生活帶來實際益處,為了建設軍港,政府還向當地居民徵收相當比例的土地,其中包括了橘樹種植地,對當地居民的生活將造成相當大的衝擊。

    近來,政府試圖將江汀洞從濟州島的旅遊步道中移除,避免遊客目睹許多抗議軍港建設的標誌。

    「在這裡,我有一片地安身立命,政府要我遷走,不論遷到哪我都沒根了!」一名江汀洞的抗議居民如此表示。即使政府將支付補償,但僅是一時的利益,對當地社區將造成無法彌補的傷害。

    在軍港建設後,此地沿海村莊的美麗石岸也將面臨遭水泥填蓋的命運。因為這裡是許多須保護物種的生存海域,此舉對海底生態的衝擊不言而喻。

    另外,濟州島為火山地形海島,地表滲水嚴重,淡水資源格外珍貴。當地居民擔心村莊的淡水供應命脈-江汀河,在鄰近軍港建設預定地的情況下,未來恐面臨污染的命運。「沒有了江汀河,村莊大概也沒了…。」 ,村莊居民70%的飲用水來自於江汀洞唯一的淡水河-江汀河,可想重要性不言而喻。

    除了環境上的衝擊,此議題在地方上延燒至今,也導致了原本祥和的村莊分裂。「這裡偶爾會出現暴力事件,贊成與反對派之間存在的社區會議,如今幾乎都破裂了」。在軍港尚未動工之時,重建地方的和諧已搶先成為當地議題。

    訪問者在Gureombi岩石上聲援江汀村反海軍基地運動

    當地民眾誓言不放棄

    濟州島特殊的自然環境受到國際UNESCO認可,同時也受韓國國內法律的強制保護。「我們原是受法律保護的一方,對於軍港建設的決議,根本無需採取任何行動」,然而政府雖認知此地為環境敏感地帶,卻在數週前仍強行通過環境評估,並承諾在「對環境影響最小的情況下建設軍港」。

    在環評通過後,韓國地方政府濟州島議會於16日上午召開緊急會議,討論是否動工建設軍港一事。會議過程中,場外聚集了許多濟州島民眾與來自全球性組織「全球市民社會共同預防武裝衝突運動」(GPPAC,Global Partnership for the Prevention of Armed Conflict)的成員,進行和平抗議活動。但濟州島議員仍通過此決議,同意建設軍港。

    此舉儼然成為當地和平的阻礙,諷刺的是,政府打著「國家安全」的「和平」大旗,作為建設行動的後盾。濟州島民眾在歷經兩年多的掙扎後,仍不敵國家公權力,許多村民雖遺憾,但對此結果表示絕不放棄。

    國際霸權的影響

    自韓戰以來,韓國一直是美國在亞洲的重要盟友。以國際政治的角度考量,韓國政府雖表示濟州島的海軍軍港僅為韓國軍隊所建,然而思及美韓雙方的友好關係,一旦有緊急狀況發生,韓國政府有義務開放軍事基地提供美軍使用。「免不了受美國的東北亞戰略影響,尤其對中國的顧慮為甚。」

    今年6月,在韓國總統李明博訪問美國期間,與美國總統歐巴馬就韓美關係,從軍事同盟提升為全面的戰略同盟,達成協定,並通過《韓美同盟未來展望》(The Joint Vision for the ROK-US Alliance)。高麗大學教授金聖翰對此評論:「以往侷限在韓半島的韓美同盟影響力,將擴及到東北亞,甚至全世界」。

    韓國大國家黨發言人尹相炫在《韓美同盟未來展望》成立後,曾評論此為「將引領世界和平的韓美全球同盟」,但相對於濟州島的抗議民眾則是另一種看法;「我們不在乎什麼國際策略,我們只想以原來的生活方式繼續生活下去」;「建設軍港只會造成區域的關係緊張以及成為軍備競賽的一部分罷了!」。看來政府與當地民眾所認知的「和平」存有相當大的落差。

    另外,「濟州自治及環境保護參與聯合會」執行長高有旗(音譯)也表示,濟州島正好座落於東北亞中心位置,藉地利之便及其特殊的歷史背景,可望成為韓國與週遭國家共同學習和平議題並建立友情之要地,然而也因此可能淪為操作國內或國際政治的戰略用地,而這也正是濟州島居民目前面臨的困境。

    世界和平之島  空有其名?

    來自首爾的旅客在抗議布條上留下訊息
    來自GPPAC的訪問者在抗議布條上留下聲援訊息

    濟州島之所以有「世界和平之島」之稱,源自於其過去的悲劇歷史。二戰結束後,韓國半島雖然脫離日本殖民,但卻不得已地陷入冷戰格局。半島的南北部別由美國及蘇聯佔領,美國軍政領導的韓半島南部,反共意識強烈,著名的「濟州四三起義」即在此背景發生。

    以1947年 的「三一開槍事件」為導火線,引爆了1948年4月3日濟州南勞黨濟洲道成員起義,以抗議警察與西青團員的鎮壓。加上僅在南韓實行的單選單政決策(濟州島民擔心造成南北韓各自擁有獨立政府,將加據南北韓分裂的情況,而拒絕投票)。至1954年,南韓政府於濟州島的鎮壓行動一直持續,到漢拿山封閉地區重新開放,此事件導致25,000~30,000萬名濟州島民眾犧牲。

    在過去高壓的軍政時代,韓國政府以槍桿子追求社會穩定,在抗共的意識形態下無視於人民真正的訴求,僅簡易地將一切社會騷動視為共產革命,使得濟州島一夜之間成了政府與美軍眼中的「紅色共產地帶」,韓國政府施得以名正言順以武裝鎮壓。

    然而,在濟州島民眾持續還原歷史真相的努力下,2000年1月,終於制定了 「四三特別法」 ,韓國前總統盧武炫也於2005年,正式稱濟州島為「世界和平之島」,以悼念過去遭政府屠殺的無辜島民,並同時承認當時政府犯下的錯誤,匡正遭扭曲的歷史,以記取教訓。 濟州島的過去讓濟州民眾對於和平的渴望更加強烈,不幸的是,濟州島甫獲「世界和平之島」之名不久,自2007年起,卻又不得不面對海軍軍港建設可能落於此島的命運。雖然當時韓國的國務總理韓明淑表示「和平之島與軍事基地有可能共存。」但濟州島居民江汀洞仍表達強烈質疑:「在此暴力下,還有和平的生活嗎?」並批評此和平為「在敏感情況下令人無法信任的和平」。

    December 23, 2009

  • Martyr, Yang Yong Chan, May Deter the Jeju Naval Base!

    Image Source: ©Jeju Sori, Nov. 8, 2009/ ‘Martyr, Yang Yong Chan’

     

    Martyr, Yang Yong Chan (1965 to 1991) who self-immolated for the opposition of the special law on the development of the Jeju island on Nov. 7, 1991. He was 25 years old at the time.

    His major was History when he was an undergraduate student in the Jeju University but posed his study in his will after the military draft. Sine then, he participated in the ‘Seogwipo Young People’s Council for the Love of Nation’ in 1989, worked as a tile worker during the day and as a member of the meeting of the ‘Love of the Farmers’ inside the organization the other times. Later on, he worked as the representative of the meeting. He participated in the “Committee for the Issues of the Seogwipo Region’, had a great concern with the issues of the development of the Seogwipo region, Uruguay Round, Special Law on the Development of the Jeju Island, import of the agriculture and fishing products, and the tangerines of the region.

    He left his testimony that ‘he wanted the Jeju Island as a nest for life rather than the 2nd Hawaii’ and self-immolated in fire, shouting, “Deter the Special law” and “Smash the Minjadang(The Dominating right wing party at the time)”
    (Reference: Korean Confederation of Trade Unions
    who referred from the Korean Council for Democratic Martyre)

    Link

    * Image Source: same as above
    * Image Source: same as above
    * Image Source: same as above

    * All the image source: Jeju Sori, Nov. 8, 2009

    Martyr, Yang Yong Chan, May Deter the Naval Base!
    : A Memorial Cultural Event for the 18th Anniversary of a Young Martyr was Held in the Gangjeong Village, A Land Of Peace. Jeju Island on Nov. 7, 2009

     

     

    * Related blogs on the Issues of the Jeju Naval Base

    http://nobasestorieskorea.blogspot.com/2009/11/video-fwd-bruce-gagnon-portland-rally.html
    [국문 요약] Video Fwd: [Bruce Gagnon] Portland Rally
    Nov. 7, 2009

    http://nobasestorieskorea.blogspot.com/2009/10/text-fwd-island-of-peace.html
    [국문 번역] Bruce Gagnon Blog 브루스 개그논 블로그
    Saturday, October 24, 2009 2009년 10월 24일, 토요일
    [MISSILE DEFENSE AND] THE ISLAND OF PEACE [미사일 방어망과] 평화의 섬

     

    ………………………………………………………………..

    Original Post

    http://nobasestorieskorea.blogspot.kr/2009/11/photos-fwd-martyr-yang-yong-chan-may.html

    November 8, 2009

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