Author: savejejunow.org

Why the annulment on the cancellation of the absolute preservation area has to be done?

Re-Post from the No base Stories of Korea

__For the original Korean article including maps/images(click HERE)
* English subtitles were added by arbitrary to the original images.
* The last 13 images were added by arbitrary for readers’ easier understanding.

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The below is a rough translation of the original Korean document informed at the site of the Jeju Human Rights Center. Thanks to Mr. Hong Ki-Ryong, Chairman of the Pan Island Committee for the prevention of the Jeju Military Base [plan] and for the Realization of the Island of Peace, who informed the document. Currently the Gangjeong villagers are preparing for the final review of the 1st court in November and its final decision in December, regarding their lawsuit on the demanding of annulment on the cancellation of the absolute preservation area by the [former] Island authorities. The villagers and Pan Island committee have carried out a 10,000 Pan Island people’s petition movement to save Gangjeong from June 25 to July 25, 2010. The below document has originally been made for that cause. But with the lawsuit that is critically hanging in November, the below document would be some helpful for readers to understand what the lawsuit is about and how the lawsuit is important in the struggle.

More pictures, fixes and compensations would come later.
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Click the images for larger view
이미지를 확대하시면 크게 보입니다.

The naval base [plan] does never fit to the Gangjeong village where a heaven-blessed ecosystem, a standing scenery in the Jeju, breathes!

The Jeju Island government and Jeju Special Self-Governing Provincial Council should withdraw from the cancellation of
the absolute preservation area, Gangjeong village.

The cancellation of the absolute preservation area, which is legally and procedurally problematic has to be annulled.

• The coastal area of the Gangjeong-dong, City of Seogwipo, has been designated as the absolute preservation area during the process of the enactment on the special law on the development of the Jeju Island in 1991 and its total area size of 1,087,878 square meters was re-designated as the absolute preservation area, last Oct. 2004.

• Of that area, the absolute preservation area in the naval base planned site occupies 105.295 square meters, which is about 300,000 pyeong.

Image: The Present status of the absolute and relative preservation areas
around the Gangjeong village
(source: Document on the Assessment on the Environmental Impact by the naval base [plan])
(* English titles were added to an original image)

• Gangjeong was designated as the absolute preservation area for the reason that a beautiful scenery had to be protected. Nevertheless the [former] Island government and navy, deciding to annul the absolute preservation area by getting the agreement with the [former] Island Provincial Council under the cause of the ‘high-power self-regulation right’ of the [former] Island governor, are driving for the sea reclamation according to it.

• The [former] Jeju Island [government] has submitted its proposal to the [former] Island Provincial Council for agreement on the alteration of the absolute preservation area in the planned naval base area, Gangjeong, and the [former] Island Provincial Council, lead by the members of the Grand National Party [who were the majority then]passed it in a snatched way on Dec. 17, [2009]. Then, [the former] Jeju Island government issued the announcement on the decision of the alteration on the absolute preservation area (The Jeju Special Self-Governing Island Government announcement NO. 2009-157)

• The Jeju Island authority had omitted the process [that was required] in the article of the related act that read that [the Island] should consult the villagers’ opinion during the process of the alteration on the absolute preservation area,reasoning that it did not need to consult the villagers’ opinion in the ‘negligible case’ such as the reduction of the area size. However, it is greatly questionable whether to annul the protection area of 300,000 pyeong (* 105.295 square meters) to fill up the sea of 100,000 pyeong is indeed a negligible case.

• Related to that, the Jeju local lawyer’s council stating its position through its press interview on Nov. 12, last year that, “ Whereas the act on the management on the absolute preservation area of the Jeju Island government reads that [the Island] should name underwater resource, ecology system, and 1st class scenery – as the protected regions of the absolute preservation areas, it is but a question on what legal basis the [Island] is driving for the annulment of the absolute preservation area, while it is not doing the investigation on the matter of whether the planned naval base area belongs to such 1st class area or not,” has raised its question on the legal & procedural injustice of the Island’s measure on the annulment of the absolute preservation area, and been still pointing out the legal problems in it.

• The issue on the annulment of the absolute preservation area in the naval base planned site in Gangjeong has been stained with the problems such as the [former] Jeju Island authority’s arbitrary submission of the proposal for the [Island Provincial Council’s] agreement on the alteration (annulment); its exclusion of collection of the villagers’ opinions; and the Island Provincial Council’s passing the bill in a snatched way, ignoring the meeting procedure of the Island Provincial Council.

• Currently, the present status of the issue is that its administrative lawsuit is now being raised and being moored in the Jeju local court since the Gangjeong villagers made a decision to file an administrative lawsuit on it, through their temporary general meeting on last January 13, [2010].

The Gangjeong village is a place of a blessed scenery and ecology system that needs protection.

• The coastal area of the Gangjeong village is the place of the representing scenery in the Jeju and a ecology system site where the precious national creature resources are variously distributed.

※ The present status of the designated protection areas in the Gangjeong village.

Biosphere protection area (UNESCO): designated on Dec. 2002

Cultural treasure protection area (Natural memorial NO. 421, by the Cultural Heritage Administration of Korea): designated in July 2000

Cultural treasure protection area (Natural memorial NO. 442, by the Cultural Heritage Administration of Korea): designated in December 2004

Marine ecology system protection area (Ministry of Land, Transportation and Maritime Affairs): designated on Nov. 5, 2002

Jeju Island provincial maritime park (Jeju Island): Designated in Oct. 2006

Absolute preservation coastal area (Jeju Island): Issued in April, 2007

Nature Park (Bomok~ Gangjeong, Ministry of Environment): Oct. 15, 2008

※ The present status of the designated protection area, Gangjeong village

※ The present status of the inhibiting court -protected species, Gangjeong village, Jeju Island

* All the below images comes from the Korean sites by search. Please respect the sources. The source links are clicked.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………
Soft Coral (연산호):
…………………………………………………………………………………………………

* Image source: Environmental Doorebak (Original source: Ministry of Environment, ROK, 2005)Dendronephthya suensoni (검붉은수지맨드라미)
_The 2nd class endangered wild animal/plant species-Ministry of Environment, ROK…………………………………………………………………………………………………* Image source: Environmental Doorebak (Original source: Ministry of Environment, ROK, 2005)Dendronephthya mollis (연수지맨드라미)
_ The 2nd class endangered wild animal/plant species-Ministry of Environment, ROK
…………………………………………………………………………………………………* Image source: Environmental Doorebak (Original source: Ministry of Environment, ROK, 2005)

Dendronephthya putteri (자색수지맨드라미)
_The 2nd class endangered wild animal/ plant species-Ministry of Environment, ROK
…………………………………………………………………………………………………

* Image source: Environmental Doorebak (Original source: Ministry of Environment, ROK, 2005)Dendronephthya castanea (밤수지맨드라미)
_The 2nd class endangered wild animal/plant species-Ministry of Environment, ROK
…………………………………………………………………………………………………

* Image source: Environmental Doorebak (Original source: Ministry of Environment, ROK, 2005)

Euplexaura crassa (둔한진총산호)
_The 2nd class endangered wild animal/ plant species-Ministry of Environment, ROK
…………………………………………………………………………………………………

* Image source: Environmental Doorebak (Original source: Ministry of Environment, ROK, 2005)

Verrucella stellata (별혹산호)
_The 2nd class endangered wild animal/ plant species-Ministry of Environment, ROK
………………………………………………………………………………………………..

* Image source: Jeju Sori

Tubastraea coccinea (금빛나팔돌산호)
_The 2nd class endangered wild animal/plant species-Ministry of Environment, ROK
; and internationally 2nd class endangered
…………………………………………………………………………………………………* Image source: Scuba Diving school blog

Antipathes japonica (해송)
_The 2nd class endangered wild animal/ plant species-Ministry of Environment, ROK
: Natural treasure NO. 456- Cultural Heritage Administration of Korea
…………………………………………………………………………………………………

* Image source: Life and Peace, Gangjeong blog

Antipathes lata (긴가지해송)
_Natural treasure NO. 457- Cultural Heritage Administration of Korea
; and internationally 2nd class endangered species

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

Animal / plant (동.식물)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………

* Image source: BRIC Bio species

Clithon retropietus V. Martens (기수갈고둥)
_The 2nd class endangered species-Ministry of Environment, ROK
…………………………………………………………………………………………………* Image source: Media Jeju

Sesarma intermedium (붉은발말똥게)
_The 2nd class endangered species-Ministry of Environment, ROK
…………………………………………………………………………………………………

* Image source: Newsis

Cladium chinense Nees (층층고랭이)
_A rarity, but non- court-protected

……………………………………………………………………………….

* Image source: Animal photo album

Eriocheir Japonicus (동남참게)_ A rarity, but non- court-protected

November 6, 2010
Memorandum of Understanding Related to the Construction of the Civilian-Military Complex Port for Tour Beauty

* The below is the arbitrary translation of the ROK government Memorandum of Understanding(MOU) regarding the Jeju naval base project on April 27, 2009. The original Korean can be seen HERE. (Translated on June 24, 2010)
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Jeju Press, April 27, 2009

해군 기지 기 본 협 약 서(MOU)내용
Contents of the Memorandum of Understanding (MOU)
on [the Jeju] Naval base

민․군복합형 관광미항 건설과 관련한
기 본 협 약 서Memorandum of Understanding
Related to the Construction of the Civilian-Military Complex Tour
Beauty Harbor

정부와 제주특별자치도는 민․군복합형 관광미항 건설과 지역발전사업을 추진함에 있어 신뢰와 협력을 바탕으로 아래의 사항을 성실히 이행할 것을 협약한다.

In driving forward the construction of the civilian-military complex tour beauty harbor, the [ROK] government and the Jeju Special Self-Governing Island agree with each other to faithfully carry out the below items based on trust and cooperation.

아 래

The below

제1조(목적) 본 기본협약은 제주특별자치도(이하 ‘제주자치도’라 한다)에 추진중인 제주해군기지를 최대 15만톤 규모의 크루즈 선박 2척이 동시에 접안할 수 있는 민ㆍ군복합형 관광미항(이하 ‘민ㆍ군 복합항’이라 한다)으로 건설하고, 이와 관련된 지역발전사업을 추진함에 있어 국방부장관, 국토해양부장관 그리고 제주특별자치도지사간에 상호 이행해 나갈 사항들을 협약하여 정하는 것을 목적으로 한다.

Article 1(Purpose) This MOU is purposed to construct the Jeju naval base being driven in the Jeju Special Self-Governing Island (called ‘the Jeju Self-Governing Island’ from the following) as the civilian-military complex tour beauty harbor’ (called the ‘civilian-military complex harbor’ from the following) in which the two cruise ships of which each of them would be the 150,000 ton at biggest, can come alongside the pier at the same time; and to define the items to be carried out with the mutual agreement by the Minister of National Defense, Minister of the Land, Transportation and Maritime affairs and the Governor of the Jeju Special Self-Governing Island, in driving the regional development business related to the [Jeju naval base].

제2조(지역발전사업 지원) 정부는 민․군복합항 건설사업이 제주자치도의 지역발전에 기여할 수 있도록 ｢민․군복합항 지역종합발전계획 수립 용역｣ 결과 및 제주자치도의 의견을 바탕으로 제안된 지역발전사업이 효과적으로 추진될 수 있도록 적극 지원한다.

Article 2 (Support for the regional development business) The government positively support the regional development business suggested based on the result of the ‘service for the establishment of the synthesized development plan on the civilian-military complex region’ and on the opinion of the Jeju Self-Governing Island so that the civilian-military construction business can contribute to the regional development of the Jeju Self-Governing Island.

제3조(지원협의체 구성ㆍ운영) ① 국무총리실은 민․군복합항 건설사업과 부대사업 및 제2조의 지역발전사업을 원활히 추진하기 위하여 국방부, 국토해양부 등 관계부처와 제주자치도가 참여하는「민․군복합항 건설지원협의회(이하 ‘협의회’라 한다)」를 구성하여 운영한다. ② 제1항의 협의회를 지원하기 위하여 국무총리실에서 주재하고 관계자가 참여하는 「실무지원협의회」를 둔다.

Article 3 (Composition & Operation of the Support body) (1) The Office of the Prime Minister composes and operates the ‘consultation committee for the support on the construction of the civilian-military complex harbor’ (‘consultation committee’ from the following) joined by the related Ministries such as the Ministry of national Defense and Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs, so that [the committee] can smoothly drive the construction business of the civilian-military complex harbor, its attached businesses and the regional development business [mentioned] in the article 2. (2) The ‘consultation committee for the practical support,’ superintended by the Office of the Prime Minister and joined by the related personnel will be formed to support the consulation committee in the article 1.

제4조(크루즈항 시설) 국방부장관과 국토해양부장관은 민․군복합항 건설을 추진함에 있어 15만톤 규모의 크루즈 선박 2척이 동시에 접안할 수 있는 항만시설과 부대시설을 함께 설치할 수 있도록 지원함으로써 지역경제 활성화에 기여하도록 노력한다.

Article 4. (Cruise Harbor facility) In driving for the construction of the civilian-military complex harbor, the Ministers of the National Defense and Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs make an effort to contribute to revitalize the regional economy by supporting to install both of the harbor & bay facility and the attached facilities so that the two cruise ships of which the each is 150,000 ton size can come alongside the pier at the same time.

제5조 (알뜨르 비행장 부지의 사용 등) ① 국방부장 관은 국방부 소관의 서귀포시 대정읍 소재 속칭 알뜨르 비행장 부지를 제주자치도 지역발전을 위하여 법적절차에 따라 제주자치도와의 협의를 거쳐 제주자치도가 사용할 수 있도록 한다. ② 국방부장 관은 공군 남부탐색구조부대에 전투기 배치계획이 없음을 확인한다.

Article 5 (Use of the Alddreu Airfield etc.) (1) Through consultation with the Jeju Self-Governing Island, the Minister of National Defense (MND) allows it to use the area popularly known as the Alddreu airfield which is located in the Daejung-eup, City of Seogwipo , and belongs to the jurisdiction of the MND, which is for the purpose of regional development and via legal procedures.

(2) The Minister of MND confirms that he has no plan to deploy fighter airplanes in the Namboo (* meaning ‘southern’) Search & Rescue troops of the air force

제6조(보상) 국방부장관은 민․군복합항 건설에 따른 토지매입, 지장물 및 어업권 보상 등 손실보상을 추진함에 있어 관계법령에 따라 현실성 있는 평가를 실시하고 정당한 보상을 하여야 한다.

Article 6 (Compensation) In driving for the loss compensation such as in the purchase of land and in the ground facilities & fishing industry right, following the construction of the civilian-military complex beauty harbor, the Ministry of National Defense should execute the realistic evaluation and righteous compensation, according to the related laws and ordinances.

제7조(지역건설업체 참여) 국방부장관 은 민․군복합항 건설 및 부대사업을 추진함에 있어 제주 지역건설업체가 최대한 참여할 수 있도록 한다.

Article 7(Participation by the local construction companies) The Minister of National Defense let the Local construction companies in the Jeju region join at most in driving for the construction of the civilian-military complex harbor and its affiliated business.

제8조(권리행사의 제한 배제) 국방부장 관은 민․군복합항을 건설함에 있어 군사기지 및 군사시설보호법 제4조에도 불구하고 육상의 민․군복합항 울타리 경계와 해상의 군항방파제 밖의 지역에 대하여 군사기지 및 군사시설보호구역으로 지정하지 아니하며, 통행․고도․영농․어로․건축 등 주민의 생존권과 재산권 행사를 제약하는 행위를 하지 아니한다.

Article 8 ( Limitation/ exclusion in the exercise of rights) In constructing the civilian-military complex harbor, the Minister of National Defense, despite the article 4 in the law on the protection of military base and facility, shall not designate the outside areas of the fence border in the civilian-military complex harbor on the ground and of the seawall in the military harbor on the sea, as the restriction areas for the military base and military facilities; and shall not do the conducts that condition the exercises of the villagers’ survival rights such as passage, altitude, farming, fishing & architecture and their property rights.

제9조(편의시설의 사용․운영 및 주민 우선고용 등) ① 국방부장관은 민․군복합항 건설과 관련하여 설치예정인 각종 복합 휴양시설 및 편의시설을 지역주민이 함께 사용할 수 있도록 한다.
② 국방부장관은 제1항의 휴양시설 및 편의시설에 직원을 고용하는 경우 지역주민을 우선적으로 고려하고, 편의시설의 운영을 민간에 위탁할시 지역주민에게 운영권을 우선적으로 부여한다.

Article 9 (Use & management of the convenient facilities and employment of the villagers in priority) (1) The Minister of National Defense makes the various kinds of the installation-planned complex resort facilities and convenient facilities, related to the construction of the civilian-military complex harbor, can be used by the villagers, also. (2) In case of the employment of the workers in resort and convenience facility, as mentioned in the clause 1, the Ministry of National Defense considers priority to the local residents; and in case of commission to the civilian for the management of the convenience facility, the minister gives priority to the local residents regarding the management right of them

제10조 (협약서 내용 변경 및 세부협약의 체결) ① 본 기본협약에 명시된 사항은 협약 당사자간의 합의에 의하지 아니하고는 어느 일방이 임의로 변경할 수 없다. ② 본 기본협약에 명시된 사항은 사업의 원활한 추진을 위하여 사안별로 협약 당사자간의 세부협약을 체결한다.

Article 10 (Amendment on the content of the MOU and conclusion of the detailed MOU) (1)The items that was elucidated in this MOU cannot be freely amended by any side except for by all persons’ mutual agreement. (2) For the items stated in this MOU, the persons of the agreement conclude the detailed agreement for the smooth driving forward the business.

본 기본협약서는 원본 3부를 작성하여 당사자가 날인하고 각 1부씩 보관한다. 끝.

This MOU is written in the 3 copies of original, with each person’s seal, and each person keeps 1 copy of them.

2009년 4월 27일
April 27, 2009

국방부장관 이 상 희
Lee Sang-Hee,
Minister of National Defense

국토해양부장관 정 종 환
Chung Jong-Hwan
, Minister of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs

제주특별자치도지사 김태 환
Kim Tae-Hwan, Jeju Special Self-Governing Island Governor

June 24, 2010
Exposing the Navy, NIS, Island Government’s Psychology Warfare

Re-post from No Base Stories of Korea, May 14, 2010

The below videos are the editions by Mr. Go Gwon-Il (Gangjeong village, Jeju Island) of the original 812th ‘PD Note’ program (about 14 min.), ‘Why the Gangjeong Villagers, Jeju Island, Are Furious?’ broadcast by MBC on May 5, 2009.

The 1st part is about 10 min and the 2nd is about 3 min.

One can glance the navy, NIS, Island government’s psychology warfare against the villagers: how the naval base project has been brought up to the Gangjeong village in an undemocratic way, how it brought the conflicts among the villagers and how it caused the fury and frustration of the villagers.

The Jeju Sori has reported on the program on May 6, 2019.

The villagers use to say it was like a kind of military operation (meaning psychology and information warfare) when the navy has brought the project in the village. It was not only in Gangjeong, but in the 1st and 2nd naval base candidate areas of Hwasoon and Weemee as well).

This video will provide some clues on how the military utilizes division strategy to install bases in places.

The most striking evidence of the navy’s psychology operation against the villagers is shown around 8 min.

Here is the rough translation from that part.

Transcript ( 7 min. 53 to 9 min. to 10 min. 18 sec. )

7 min. 53 sec. 7분 53초

이것은 취재중 PD 수첩이 입수한 문건입니다. 해군 기지와 관련해서 유관 기관이 회의한 내용이 담겨 있읍니다. 과연 어떤 말들이 오갔을 까요? 그 내용은 충격적입니다.

This is the document that the ‘PD Note’ has gotten during the coverage. It contains the meeting contents by institutes, related to the naval base plan. What content was possibly discussed? The [exposed] content is shocking.

8min.10 sec. 8분 10초

There was the meeting on the naval base construction issue by the related institutes last September.

8min.15 sec. 8분 15초

제주 환경부 지사
Governor of the Environment Department, Jeju Island

‘이제는 추진 단계, 걸림돌은 제거하고 가야…
Now is the stage to drive [the plan]. An obstacle should be removed…

해군이 주도해서 공세적으로 해야 한다.
With the navy’s lead, one has to be aggressive.

분열은 좋은 상황. 공세적 법집행 필요함.
Division brings a good situation. Aggressive law-execution is needed.’

8min. 27 sec.

경찰 Police

‘도에서 조그마한 것이라도 공세적으로 고소 고발해야 경찰도 조치 가능

The Island has to accuse and prosecute even if it is a small thing. Only then the police can work with measure…

인신 구속 있어야 수위 낮아져…

Only by imprisonment of personnel, the level of [resistance] will be low.’

8min. 40 sec. 8분 40초

국정원:
National Intelligence Service

제주 지검 차장 만나 해군 기지 관련 불법 행위에 대해 엄격히 법 집행 요구…
The National Intelligence Service met the vice-director of the Jeju Public Prosecutors’ Office and has demanded the strict law execution against the illegal activities related to naval base…

“외부 세력 개입에 대해 서는 강정 찬성 측에서 문제 제기하면 국정원, 경찰이 측면 지원”
“Regarding the outside supporters, if the Gangjeong group who is in favor of the plan raises the issue, the NIS and police will side-support to them.”

[…] […]

10min. 18sec. 10분 18초

Reporter 보도자:

“이상하게도 회의록에서 논의된 내용은 마을 내에서 실제 벌어지고 있었읍니다.
Strangely, The content that has been discussed in the meeting report was actually happening in the village.

특히 고소 고발 건은 이미 이 마을에서 낯선 일이 아닙니다.
Specially, accusations and prosecutions are not unacquainted things any more.

주민들에 따르면 (공무 집행 방해등) 해군 기지 관련해 접수된 것이 총 32건입니다.
According to the villagers, the cases registered, related to the naval base issues (such as the ‘interruption of the government business execution’) are total 32.”

May 14, 2010
反濟州軍港抗爭告急江汀村村長姜東均遭拘留

在韓國號稱「世界和平之島」的著名觀光勝地濟州島卻於前日(2010年1月18日)爆發警民衝突，衝突導火線起於飽涵國家機器雄心壯志的海軍軍港建設計畫。

韓政府對此海軍基地建設之倡議始於2007年，反對運動也就訖而不捨地至彼時延燒至此刻。自去(2009)年11月韓政府做出「建設軍港」最終決議後，當地情況告急，反對居民當時即明言必將相抗到底。

該基地計劃提供美國和韓國的宙斯盾驅逐艦配備的導彈防禦系統使用。示威人士表示，導彈將用於環繞中國沿海地區，這將使濟州島這過去平靜島嶼，在衝突爆發時成為攻擊目標。

當人人尚自歡慶著2010年的到來時，濟州島抗議民眾已在軍港建設預定地上，循著海岸礁岩，無懼於寒冬，搭起帳棚，懷著長期抗戰的決心。18日警察於軍港建設動工儀式中驅散示威者據稱手段頗為激烈，抗議民眾共47人遭逮捕，雖然時至今日被捕的46名抗議民眾均已陸續獲釋，然軍港建設座落地江汀洞村長姜東均(Kang Dong-Kyun)仍遭扣留。

不願具名的目擊者指稱，「據了解，警方今天對多是老年的抗議民眾採取嚴厲手段。村民躺在地上，哭喊著不如殺死他們。警方推擠老人家，甚至不介意在肢體衝突時發生女性內衣被扯落的狀況。」

江汀村村長姜東均長期為反軍港建設議題奔波不遺餘力。致力於反對美國軍事基地擴張的加拿大籍社會運動者Bruce Gagnon表示，警方扣留村長姜東均極可能是為防止他再度於示威群眾中發揮領導功能。

居民自1月6號起使用人陣、車陣圍堵工程用起重機進入工程預定地的屏障在一波波逮捕浪中仍是失守，而今取而代之的鋼絲柵欄，防的卻反是當地居民了。基礎建設過程序幕已揭，眼前此刻實是分秒皆關鍵。

反對人士指出，水泥一旦填下，奇美的礁岩就此沒了，更遑論礁下千萬的海底生物。要知道水泥一旦填下，村民希冀的明日就扭曲了，縱使將來有人還願聽你話從前，也僅有遙想的份了。能看的還有什麼？配備有飛彈防禦系統的驅逐艦，真能戰無不克攻無不勝嗎？即便所向匹靡，又保證了多少和平？

即便政府還承諾，此建設不僅是建一個保家衛國的現代海軍，還將開放作商用碼頭。即便政府還應許，應許的不只是富裕，還懂得講環保，在天然礁岸被水泥填覆後，承諾這將會成為一處對環境友善的觀光熱點。韓國當局圖謀以此化解環保與發展相對的難題竟然迎刃而解，卻也顯得滑稽。

此地抗議村民泰半已是白髮蒼蒼的年歲，活了大半輩子，心理兀自雪亮，明白有些事物是一去不回頭。

濟州道是韓國唯一的特別自治省，也是全韓國最大的島嶼。計劃興建的基地區域靠近江汀洞河，該地區水質為濟州島最優良的地區，但水資源匱乏。在2007年該地區列名世界遺產名錄時，教科文組織在名錄中寫道：「濟州火山島和熔岩洞窟共同構成18,846公頃的三個特色部分。拒文岳熔岩洞群(Geomunoreum)，被視為全世界最精緻的熔岩管系統，它帶有五彩斑爛的碳酸鹽屋頂和地板，及深色熔岩牆。堡壘般的城山日出(Seongsan Ilchulbong)凝灰岩錐，從海中聳立，形成戲劇性的景觀。韓國最高的漢拿山，有著瀑布、多形岩層及隕石坑湖泊。」

January 20, 2010
濟州島12月蓋軍港韓國首個世界自然遺產受威脅

濟州島是韓國著名的觀光勝地，每年吸引大量國內外旅客湧入，此地的離島地理位置也在韓國文化中顯得獨樹一格。此外，濟州島由火山岩構成，景緻壯麗優美，其中漢拿山天然保護區域、城山日出峰和熔岩洞窟群（萬丈窟等），已於2007年由聯合國教科文組織（UNESCO）列入「世界自然遺產名錄」。

韓國雖已有多項文化遺產列入「世界文化遺產」名錄，但自然遺產卻是首度雀屏中選，顯見濟州島自然風景的得天獨厚。自2007年起，韓國政府開始倡議在此亦有「世界和平之島」之稱的濟州島南部的江汀村上建設海軍軍港，但遭到當地居民強烈反對，而反對運動自2007年延續至今。今年11月16日上午，韓國政府仍做出建設的最終決議，此工程將於12月按原計畫動工。

自然及人文環境受衝擊

濟州島軍港建設之地落於江汀洞，這裡和濟州島上多數的村莊一樣，以種植橘樹聞名，當地的經濟主要以此為主要收益。因此，對多數的江汀洞居民而言，此建設非但無法為生活帶來實際益處，為了建設軍港，政府還向當地居民徵收相當比例的土地，其中包括了橘樹種植地，對當地居民的生活將造成相當大的衝擊。

近來，政府試圖將江汀洞從濟州島的旅遊步道中移除，避免遊客目睹許多抗議軍港建設的標誌。

「在這裡，我有一片地安身立命，政府要我遷走，不論遷到哪我都沒根了！」一名江汀洞的抗議居民如此表示。即使政府將支付補償，但僅是一時的利益，對當地社區將造成無法彌補的傷害。

在軍港建設後，此地沿海村莊的美麗石岸也將面臨遭水泥填蓋的命運。因為這裡是許多須保護物種的生存海域，此舉對海底生態的衝擊不言而喻。

另外，濟州島為火山地形海島，地表滲水嚴重，淡水資源格外珍貴。當地居民擔心村莊的淡水供應命脈-江汀河，在鄰近軍港建設預定地的情況下，未來恐面臨污染的命運。「沒有了江汀河，村莊大概也沒了…。」，村莊居民70%的飲用水來自於江汀洞唯一的淡水河-江汀河，可想重要性不言而喻。

除了環境上的衝擊，此議題在地方上延燒至今，也導致了原本祥和的村莊分裂。「這裡偶爾會出現暴力事件，贊成與反對派之間存在的社區會議，如今幾乎都破裂了」。在軍港尚未動工之時，重建地方的和諧已搶先成為當地議題。

訪問者在Gureombi岩石上聲援江汀村反海軍基地運動

當地民眾誓言不放棄

濟州島特殊的自然環境受到國際UNESCO認可，同時也受韓國國內法律的強制保護。「我們原是受法律保護的一方，對於軍港建設的決議，根本無需採取任何行動」，然而政府雖認知此地為環境敏感地帶，卻在數週前仍強行通過環境評估，並承諾在「對環境影響最小的情況下建設軍港」。

在環評通過後，韓國地方政府濟州島議會於16日上午召開緊急會議，討論是否動工建設軍港一事。會議過程中，場外聚集了許多濟州島民眾與來自全球性組織「全球市民社會共同預防武裝衝突運動」(GPPAC，Global Partnership for the Prevention of Armed Conflict)的成員，進行和平抗議活動。但濟州島議員仍通過此決議，同意建設軍港。

此舉儼然成為當地和平的阻礙，諷刺的是，政府打著「國家安全」的「和平」大旗，作為建設行動的後盾。濟州島民眾在歷經兩年多的掙扎後，仍不敵國家公權力，許多村民雖遺憾，但對此結果表示絕不放棄。

國際霸權的影響

自韓戰以來，韓國一直是美國在亞洲的重要盟友。以國際政治的角度考量，韓國政府雖表示濟州島的海軍軍港僅為韓國軍隊所建，然而思及美韓雙方的友好關係，一旦有緊急狀況發生，韓國政府有義務開放軍事基地提供美軍使用。「免不了受美國的東北亞戰略影響，尤其對中國的顧慮為甚。」

今年6月，在韓國總統李明博訪問美國期間，與美國總統歐巴馬就韓美關係，從軍事同盟提升為全面的戰略同盟，達成協定，並通過《韓美同盟未來展望》(The Joint Vision for the ROK-US Alliance)。高麗大學教授金聖翰對此評論：「以往侷限在韓半島的韓美同盟影響力，將擴及到東北亞，甚至全世界」。

韓國大國家黨發言人尹相炫在《韓美同盟未來展望》成立後，曾評論此為「將引領世界和平的韓美全球同盟」，但相對於濟州島的抗議民眾則是另一種看法；「我們不在乎什麼國際策略，我們只想以原來的生活方式繼續生活下去」；「建設軍港只會造成區域的關係緊張以及成為軍備競賽的一部分罷了!」。看來政府與當地民眾所認知的「和平」存有相當大的落差。

另外，「濟州自治及環境保護參與聯合會」執行長高有旗（音譯）也表示，濟州島正好座落於東北亞中心位置，藉地利之便及其特殊的歷史背景，可望成為韓國與週遭國家共同學習和平議題並建立友情之要地，然而也因此可能淪為操作國內或國際政治的戰略用地，而這也正是濟州島居民目前面臨的困境。

世界和平之島空有其名？

來自GPPAC的訪問者在抗議布條上留下聲援訊息

濟州島之所以有「世界和平之島」之稱，源自於其過去的悲劇歷史。二戰結束後，韓國半島雖然脫離日本殖民，但卻不得已地陷入冷戰格局。半島的南北部別由美國及蘇聯佔領，美國軍政領導的韓半島南部，反共意識強烈，著名的「濟州四三起義」即在此背景發生。

以1947年的「三一開槍事件」為導火線，引爆了1948年4月3日濟州南勞黨濟洲道成員起義，以抗議警察與西青團員的鎮壓。加上僅在南韓實行的單選單政決策（濟州島民擔心造成南北韓各自擁有獨立政府，將加據南北韓分裂的情況，而拒絕投票）。至1954年，南韓政府於濟州島的鎮壓行動一直持續，到漢拿山封閉地區重新開放，此事件導致25,000～30,000萬名濟州島民眾犧牲。

在過去高壓的軍政時代，韓國政府以槍桿子追求社會穩定，在抗共的意識形態下無視於人民真正的訴求，僅簡易地將一切社會騷動視為共產革命，使得濟州島一夜之間成了政府與美軍眼中的「紅色共產地帶」，韓國政府施得以名正言順以武裝鎮壓。

然而，在濟州島民眾持續還原歷史真相的努力下，2000年1月，終於制定了「四三特別法」，韓國前總統盧武炫也於2005年，正式稱濟州島為「世界和平之島」，以悼念過去遭政府屠殺的無辜島民，並同時承認當時政府犯下的錯誤，匡正遭扭曲的歷史，以記取教訓。濟州島的過去讓濟州民眾對於和平的渴望更加強烈，不幸的是，濟州島甫獲「世界和平之島」之名不久，自2007年起，卻又不得不面對海軍軍港建設可能落於此島的命運。雖然當時韓國的國務總理韓明淑表示「和平之島與軍事基地有可能共存。」但濟州島居民江汀洞仍表達強烈質疑：「在此暴力下，還有和平的生活嗎？」並批評此和平為｢在敏感情況下令人無法信任的和平｣。

December 23, 2009
Martyr, Yang Yong Chan, May Deter the Jeju Naval Base!

Image Source: ©Jeju Sori, Nov. 8, 2009/ ‘Martyr, Yang Yong Chan’

Martyr, Yang Yong Chan (1965 to 1991) who self-immolated for the opposition of the special law on the development of the Jeju island on Nov. 7, 1991. He was 25 years old at the time.

His major was History when he was an undergraduate student in the Jeju University but posed his study in his will after the military draft. Sine then, he participated in the ‘Seogwipo Young People’s Council for the Love of Nation’ in 1989, worked as a tile worker during the day and as a member of the meeting of the ‘Love of the Farmers’ inside the organization the other times. Later on, he worked as the representative of the meeting. He participated in the “Committee for the Issues of the Seogwipo Region’, had a great concern with the issues of the development of the Seogwipo region, Uruguay Round, Special Law on the Development of the Jeju Island, import of the agriculture and fishing products, and the tangerines of the region.

He left his testimony that ‘he wanted the Jeju Island as a nest for life rather than the 2nd Hawaii’ and self-immolated in fire, shouting, “Deter the Special law” and “Smash the Minjadang(The Dominating right wing party at the time)”
(Reference: Korean Confederation of Trade Unions
who referred from the Korean Council for Democratic Martyre)

* Image Source: same as above

* Image Source: same as above

* Image Source: same as above

* All the image source: Jeju Sori, Nov. 8, 2009

Martyr, Yang Yong Chan, May Deter the Naval Base!
: A Memorial Cultural Event for the 18th Anniversary of a Young Martyr was Held in the Gangjeong Village, A Land Of Peace. Jeju Island on Nov. 7, 2009

* Related blogs on the Issues of the Jeju Naval Base

http://nobasestorieskorea.blogspot.com/2009/11/video-fwd-bruce-gagnon-portland-rally.html
[국문 요약] Video Fwd: [Bruce Gagnon] Portland Rally
Nov. 7, 2009

http://nobasestorieskorea.blogspot.com/2009/10/text-fwd-island-of-peace.html
[국문 번역] Bruce Gagnon Blog 브루스 개그논 블로그
Saturday, October 24, 2009 2009년 10월 24일, 토요일
[MISSILE DEFENSE AND] THE ISLAND OF PEACE [미사일 방어망과] 평화의 섬

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Original Post

http://nobasestorieskorea.blogspot.kr/2009/11/photos-fwd-martyr-yang-yong-chan-may.html

November 8, 2009